If you are interested in the world of wine or are just getting started in it, there are a series of terms that it is convenient to know in order to get to know it better and to know what they mean.
Astringency, a fascinating attribute that adds complexity and character to the tasting experience. When we taste a wine with a noticeable astringency, we feel a dry and rough sensation in our mouth, this is due to the tannins, phenolic compounds present in the grapes and in the oak used to age the wine. These tannins interact with the proteins in saliva and the cell membranes of our mouth, producing that sensation.
Bouquet refers to the aromas that are perceived when smelling and tasting the drink. It is the combination of the different chemical components present in wine, such as esters, aldehydes and alcohols, released during fermentation and barrel aging. The bouquet can vary according to the grape variety, the terroir, the winemaking process and the aging time. By identifying and appreciating the bouquet, fruity, floral, spicy and earthy notes can be discovered, adding an extra dimension to the enjoyment of the wine.
Coupage, is a French term, like the one above, which is an art in itself. It consists of the careful mixture of different grape varieties or different already fermented wines. The objective of the blend is for each variety of grape or wine to provide its distinctive characteristics and flavors, to obtain a unique and balanced wine, and the winemaker plays with these combinations to create an exceptional sensory experience. Blending requires skill and in-depth knowledge of the wine, so that the final result is an oenological masterpiece, where harmony and complexity come together in each sip.
Destemming is the process of separating the grapes from the clusters (stem) before pressing the grapes. By removing the stems, the contribution of bitter or herbaceous flavors is avoided.
Veraison, a crucial stage in the life cycle of the grape. During this process, the berries undergo color changes, going from deep green to softer shades such as yellow, pink or even red, depending on the variety. Veraison is a key moment for viticulturists, since it determines the optimal moment for the harvest and the final quality of the wine, color, aroma and flavor.
Fermentation is the biochemical process by which the sugars present in the grape must are converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide, thanks to the action of yeasts. Fermentation is a crucial step in wine production, since it is what allows the transformation of grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation, characteristic aromas and flavors are generated that contribute to the final characteristics of the wine.
Guarda, refers to those wines that exhibit suitable qualities for bottle aging, prolonging their aging time. These wines have the ability to improve their quality and develop distinctive aromas over time, becoming true oenological jewels. Red Federico wines are excellent wines for aging.
Fork, hold the branches of the vine, so that they do not break with the weight of the grapes.
Inoculation refers to the process of deliberately adding selected yeasts to the grape must to initiate alcoholic fermentation. During inoculation, specific strains of yeast are introduced into the wort to ensure controlled and predictable fermentation.
Maceration, consists of leaving the solid compounds in contact with the must for a certain period, in order to provide aromas, flavors, tannins… There are different types of maceration.
Oxidation is a chemical reaction that occurs when wine is exposed to oxygen, altering its color and aroma.
Persistent, this is how a wine is usually described in which the aromas persist for a few seconds after tasting it.
Red Federico, excellent wine from the Ribera del Duero Denomination of Origin made with Tempranillo grapes. Pesquera de Duero is the town where the winery that produces Red Federico Roble, Red Federico Crianza, Red Federico Reserva and Red Federico Gran Reserva is located.
Words related to wine immerse us in a fascinating universe full of aromas, flavors and traditions. From the characteristics of the grapes and the terroirs where they are grown, to the winemaking processes and the sensory experiences that each glass offers us, the vocabulary of wine invites us to explore and enjoy an ancient drink full of history and passion.
So, the next time you raise a glass of wine, remember that behind each sip are hidden words full of history, tradition and love for viticulture. Immerse yourself in the language of wine and let yourself be carried away by its charms. Health!
